MONOLITHIC APPLICATION

 MONOLITHIC APPLICATION

¹ Aliya Siddique ² Dr. Muhammad Naeem

Laureate Folks International

ERC, PAKISTAN

https://laureatefolks.blogspot.com

laureatefolks@gmail.com, WhatsApp: +923334446261

 

1.      Monolithic Architecture

A software program's usual uniform design model is called a monolithic architecture. A monolithic composition is one that consists solely of one piece. Software that is monolithic is intended to be self-contained. Unlike, modular software, its components are interconnected and interdependent. Each element and its accompanying components must be present in order for code to be executed or compiled in a strongly coupled architecture. Moreover, if any program element needs to be updated, the entire application must be rewritten, but with a modular application, any specific module (such as a microservice) can be altered without affecting other sections of the program.

Even though modules are automated modular architecture lessens the possibility that a change made in one area would generate unwanted changes in other parts. Modular programming makes it easier to construct iterative techniques than monolithic programs.

In this post, we'll compare and contrast microservices and monolithic architecture, explore the benefits and drawbacks of each, and determine which software architectural style is most appropriate for your company. With time, it grows too huge and thus becomes challenging to handle.

1.1 Advantages of Monolithic Applications:

·         Maybe just a minor update necessitates redeploying the application framework.

·         Even as the size of the application grows, so does the time it takes to set up and deploy it.

·         However, if his job is limited to specific features, any new developer beginning the program will find it difficult to comprehend the logic of a large monolithic application.

·         Even though a particular section of the application is experiencing high load/traffic, we must deploy the entire application's versions across numerous servers. It's efficient, and it wastes resources unnecessarily.

1.2 Disadvantages of Monolithic Applications:

·          Microservices, on the other hand, are more difficult to build since they require qualified engineers to develop and test them.

·         It's faster and more reliable because only one jar/war file is used.

·         In comparison to microservices architecture, it is somewhat easier and simpler to develop.

·         In comparison to microservices design, network latency, and security issues are comparatively minor.

·         The architecture of monolithic vs. microservices

·         To comprehend microservices, we must first comprehend monolithic apps and the factors that led to the recent shift from monolithic applications to microservices.

A monolithic application is one that contains all of a development's operations in a single package. We've all undoubtedly worked on a monolithic project in which we were given a problem formulation and expected to create a system with various functionalities. Our application is built in layers such as display, business, and resilience before being deployed as a single Tupperware container file. This is a monolithic application, with a single codebase, including all of the necessary functionality.

2.      Microservices

It's just an architectural development style in which the software is built up of tiny communication services and solutions directly with one another utilizing lightweight proxy servers. "Microservices are little services that function together," says Newman Sam.

3.  Microservices principles

3.1 A Single Point of Responsibility

It is one of the SOLID design pattern's defining principles. It states that a single unit, such as a class, function, or microservice, should only have one responsibility. Each microservice must be responsible for only one thing and perform only one function. You might also say that the number of microservices you should create is proportional to the number of functionalities you need. The database is also decentralized, with each microservice having its own database in most cases.

3.2 Designed with Business Characteristics in Mind:

There is always a technology that is most suited for achieving a given operation in today's environment since there are so many techniques. However, in monolithic systems, it was a significant disadvantage because we couldn't employ separate technologies for each functionality and so had to make compromises in certain areas. A microservice should never be restricted from using the highest appropriate technology stack or backend database storage for resolving the business purpose, i.e. each microservice can utilize various technologies depending on the business needs.

3.3 Failure is built into the Design

Failure factors must be considered while designing microservices. Microservices must make use of this architecture, and if one microservice drops down, the system as a whole might not be disrupted; other functions must remain available to the user. However, this was not the case in monolithic programs, where the loss of a single module resulted in the application's complete failure.

3.4 Microservices provide the following Benefits:

·         It is simple to manage because it is tiny in size.

·         If either of the microservices has to be updated, we need only to deploy that microservice.

·         Microservices are identity and thus deployable on their own. They have a faster start-up and deployment time.

·         It is quite simple for a software employee to join the project as he only needs to grasp one microservice that provides the technology he will be operating on, rather than the entire system.

3.5 Drawbacks of Microservices:

·         It is substantially more difficult than monolithic programs because it is a distributed file system. As the number of microservices grows, so does the complexity of the system.

·         Dealing with microservices architecture, which can recognize microservices and handle their cross-functional-functional and cross-functional requirements, necessitates the use of professional engineers.

·         It's difficult to deploy microservices independently.

·         Microservices are inefficient in terms of network utilization since they must communicate with one another, and all of these remote calls cause network latency.

·         Because microservices communicate with each other across the network, they are less secure than monolithic apps.

4.      The Purpose of the FTGO Application

The FTGO application is straightforward in its heart. Consumers place food orders at local eateries using the FTGO website or smartphone application. FTGO coordinates a network of couriers to deliver the orders. It's also in charge of paying out to couriers and eateries. Restaurants utilize the FTGO website to manage orders and change their menus. The Stripe for payments, Twilio for messaging, and an Amazon Simple Email Service (SES) for email is among the web services used by the app.

The application was devolving into a sloppy mess, and it was created with out-of-date components. The FTGO application has all of the hallmarks of a monolithic underworld.

5.      Conclusion

Microservices, which were first introduced only a few years ago, is now a rapidly growing trend. The microservices method does, in fact, provide actual benefits such as increased scaling, adaptability, and mobility, among other things. Amazon Netflix, Google, and other tech giants have effectively transitioned to microservices architecture from monolithic architecture. In the meantime, many businesses believe that subsequent this lead is the most efficient approach to expand their operations.

The monolithic approach, on the other hand, is the default strategy for developing software applications. Building a monolithic application, however, brings a variety of issues, including managing a large codebasebase, adopting new technology, scalability, deployment, and applying recent updates, among others.

REFERENCES

Van Lamsweerde, A. (2004, May). Elaborating security requirements by the construction of intentional anti-models. In Proceedings. 26th International Conference on Software Engineering (pp. 148-157). IEEE.Ware M, Bowles J, Eastman C (2006) Using the Common criteria to elicit security requirements with use cases. IEEE Computer Society

https://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/monolithic-architecture

https://www.n-ix.com/microservices-vs-monolith-which-architecture-best-choice-your-business/

https://cloudacademy.com/blog/microservices-architecture-challenge-advantage-drawback/